Typographical machine



y 22, 1934- H. R. FREUND ET AL 1,960,182

TYPOGRAPHICAL MACHINE Original Filed May 25. 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l I 5 in 15 ATTORNEY y 22, 1934- H. R. FREUND El AL ,960,182

TYPOGRAPHI CAL MACHINE Original Filed May 25. 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 aefaazq-sbrdZuoMl eefdal'flshrdlucrrzf J z@ 7;] I INVENTORS BY ieifjo .ml/zs W m 24 ATTORNEY Patented May 22, 1934 UNITED STATES 1 "OFFICE l l 7 1,960,182 v TYPOGRAPHICAL MACHIN tion of New York Application May 25,, 19; 2,; S eri al No. 61 3,5 22

Renewed April '13, 1934 14" claims. (o1. 199 19 The present invention relatesto improvements in typographical machines andmore especially. to those of the general class 'shOWnLand described in U. S Letters Patent No. 436,532, grantediseptember 16, 1890, whereincharacter bearing" matrices are stored in a' magazine or magazii es'andflareda livered therefrom bymanipulation ofa keyboard and are assembled in lines from which type bars or slugs are cast. a

Machines of this class asheretofore constructed have been provided withmain magazines adapted to handle matrices having .the' ordinary smaller sizes of newsprint andttextlfaces and also matrices having somevvhat larger faces such as those commonly used in;display,advertising,

news headings and the like, IIn constructing [machines of this class 'for matricesl, having larger type faces, it h'asbeen the practice toemp'loyinain matrix magazines, of the same, conventional 20 trapezoidal shape and size asthosusdforniatrices bearing the smaller type faces, in order, to retain the desirable feature .offinterchangeability of the magazines on the machines" and atfthe same time obviate the expense and difiioulties that would be involved. in deviating'ironi ,the'standaid size matrix distributor and assembling ,inechanisms directly associated with the magazines While this adherence to the conventionalf elements of themaohine and the magazinestherefor .has practical advantages, it vhas]thefdisadvantage that the capacity of the fmfachines. is limited thereby with respectto .the size slof the typefaces onthe matrices possible for, them. to handle. This will be seen from the fact that the usual so-called 90 channel,.magazine having. 91 channels to contain a 90 CharactermatriX font, two channels beingprovided for the letter. 6; and in which the channels are unequally spaced at both the upper and lower ends to obtain the'maximum capacity for the width .of the matricespis limited to matrices having 13 point type faces. [In order to enable the magazines to accommodate thicker matrices having relatively; larger type faces, so-called '72 channel magazines have been employed, these magazines containing 7.3 channels to receive '721character, matrix rents; two channels being provided for the letter e, andin these '72 channel magazines the channelsihave also been unequallyspaced atboth the upperj'and lower ends of the'magazines, but no twithstalnding the smaller number ,oi difierent' character inatrices contained in suchv magazines, the, maximum size. full face .matrices .which it has, been possible to store inthese magazines is of. z ijpointsize, 55 which is only one standardpointsi'ze largerthan t It w l recogni e ma az n a h u a sw 3.9mm, m t e a i e u edwith hen gma azines; ,ln' order tdprovideiorlarger facematrices t a t e' which. i s-: 5; p s l t0 11. 1184 7.2 channel;magazines,fmagazi es havingl 1 channels to contain .55 ,oharacter matrix Tifonts h i ehee I PQ Qi-EDUP i issr tmsu pn the number of availablecharacters in such fonts renders suchmagazines generally impractical and unsatisfactory because the number of v i different character gmatrices, available, in 5 5,1- character fonts is insuflicient .to. meet the; ordinary requirementslunless auxiliary magazines are usedin conjunction therewith.

satisfactory operationbf machines-oi this class isa t i as emb n ih ii in sf 0t 6 only. from these-called main magazines wh ch are controlled by the usual main keyboard. Due to the smaller number of characters in the 'rnfatrix a a ma be h n led m s 8 C 5 h nnel magazines and the limited sizes of type su 1- a ces maw n ai he damn-e W t tion of the machine to; deliver the matrices ,from t e n -,m azin o m a ne lb J nule tion of the mainke board is; disturbed to a large extent, since it requires the use of auxiliarymagazines in conjunction therewith-to carry the additional; character ,matrices Ineeded.v ,Conseque tly, i e d vel pm t 9 ma h es hi th class, it has heretofore beennecessary to employ lauxiliarylor soi-callediside magazines to contain practically. all matrices having type i aces larger than 24 points, The assembling of matricesf rom such auxiliary or, side l-rnagazines presents the disadvantagelhowever of requiringthe operator either .to I control the delivery of the matrices from the auxiliary or side magazine bymanipulation of another or auxiliary keyboard or to manipulate special controls toiconnectithe .main keyboard to;the,matrix release devices for the auxiliary or side magazines, and furthermore,

the increased distance ioverlvvhich fthe -matrices are. required to travel from} the auxiliary or side magazines to "the. assemblingil'point .1 materially retards thegspeed' ,oi 'comboisitioh, I disturbs ,fthe rhythm of 'thekeyb'oard operation moreover frequently causes transpositions of the matrices. Because of these undesirable conditions, it is advantageous to avoid the use ofauxiliary or side magazines as much as possible, apartffromthe further. disadvantage that machines having such auxiliary equipment occupy much mone' floor spaceland are more costly than those containing only main magazines controlled from the usual or main keyboard.

The primary object of the present invention is to materially increase the range of sizes of type faces on matrices that can be made available from main magazines, and to provide for handling 72 character matrix fonts in these magazines having larger type faces than has heretofore been possible, thereby avoiding to a much greater extent the necessity of emp1oyingauxiliary or side magazines, particularly for the most frequently used larger type face matrices, such as 36 point and evenlarger sizes.

A further object of the invention is to provide a combination machine which will have a capacity for 72 character matrix fonts having larger type faces than heretofore and which, at the same time, will employ any of the 90 character matrix fonts in combination therewith, and which will enable matrices from either of such fonts tobe delivered under control of the standard 90 character main keyboard and which matrix fonts may be used at will without requiring shifting of the magazines and, desired, without disturbing the order of the characters from the usual positions they occupy on the standard keyboard.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a matrix magazine constructed on a new plan and related in a new manner to the machine and the parts thereof with which the matrix delivery ends of the magazines usually cooperate. In carrying out the present invention it has been found practical to increase the width of the lower or delivery end of the conventional trapezoidal type of magazine while preferably retaining its pres ent width at the upper end, and to thereby greatlyincrease its capacity with respect to the sizes orthiclmesses of matrices that can be discharged therefrom, the use of such an improved magazine being practical, however, provided such increase in the width of its lower or discharge end is prop- 'rly disposed with respect to the cooperating elements of the machine such as the matrix receiving throat and assembler entrance and other associated devices, and that these devices are constructed or adapted to effect the proper and necessary cooperation with the widened magazine.

I The difficulties'overcomeby the present invention whereby the above noted objects are attained will be apparent from the fact that it would not ordinarily be possible or practical to employ a magazine of substantially greater width than that of the standard magazine unless the increased Width of the delivery end of the magazine is arra nged to cooperate with the standard assembler entrance, since any extension of such entrance at its right hand side would result in a longer travel of the matrices from the right hand side of the magazine in order to reach the assembling point and such increased length of travel of such matrices would result in an undesirable reduction'in speedof assembly of these matrices over that of the matrices from the left hand side of the magazine and would consequently cause a disturbance of the keyboard rhythm or response and would tend to cause transpositions of thematrices.

According to the present invention, these and other obstaclesthat have longstood in the ,way of a departure from the conventional standards of construction are overcome and the range of type sizes of the matrices which canbe handled bymachines of this class is greatly increased, and moreover, the invention opens new possibilities for the developments of such machines. For example, by extending the left hand side of the delivery end of a magazine beyond a point vertically above the assembling point of the line while retaining the right hand side of the de livery end of the magazine at its present position or extending it beyond such position although arranging for the thus widened delivery end of the magazine to discharge matrices therefrom within the limits of Width of the standard assembler entrance enables machines of this class to be developed so that they will handle matrices having much larger type faces than could otherwise be handled, one of such developments made possible by the present invention being disclosed in one embodiment shown herein, in which the matrix line assembling elevator or other means is movable obliquely instead of vertically as heretofore, thus enabling the magazine to be widened or positioned to even a greater extent toward the "left in the machine.

The preferred embodiments of the invention are herein shown and described, but it will be understood that equivalent constructions are contemplated and such will be included within the scope of the claims.

In the accompanying drawings:-

Fig. l is a front elevation of a portion of a typographical machine of a well known class and standardconstruction but embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a portion of the structure shown in Fig. l as viewed from the right;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the improved widened magazine, showing the width or outline thereof in relation to a standard magazine;

Fig. 4 is a view on an enlarged scale of the lower or discharge end of the improved widened magazine;

Fig. 5 is a view, also on an enlarged scale, of the lower or discharge end of a standard magazine; and

Fig. 6 is a front elevation of a portion of a typographical machine containing another embodiment of the present invention.

The improved matrix magazine, designated 1, is preferably constructed with the usual top and bottom plates 2 and 3 having channels 4 extending from top to bottom thereof in converging re" lation to contain preferably a '72 character font of matrices M, such matrix font comprising sufficient type characters for display composition, the matrices bearing these characters being arranged in the magazine preferably in the same order, reading from left to right, as commonly used for the standard 90 character matrix fonts, as shown in the standard magazine 5 in Fig. 5, although the matrices in the improved magazine may be arranged in some other suitable order if desired. Since the lower or matrix delivery end of the conventional trapezoidal magazines now in use is somewhat narrower than the upper or matrix receiving end, the capacity of these magav zines with resepct to the size or thickness of matrices that can be discharged therefrom is accordingly restricted, it being understood that the upper or matrix receiving end of such a magazine is capable of handling larger or thicker matrices than will pass out of its delivery end, H

because of the greater width at the top. According to the present invention, the improved magazine 1 is widened at its delivery end in order to approach as closely as possible the desirable condition that the largest or thickest matrices which the magazine is capable of handling at its upper end can be delivered from the lower end thereof without increasing the width of the delivery end of the magazine beyond that which has been found practical, the present invention enabling the conventional matrix magazines used on these machines to be constructed on the-basis of balance or equality with respect to capacity to receive and discharge matrices.

In order that'the' greater width of the discharge end of the improved magazine 1 may be coordinated properly with the usual assembling devices of the machine, at least a portion of its increased width is disposed beyond the'side or usual terminating point of standard magazines atthe left side, so that some of thechannels of the improved widened magazine 1, according to the present invention, lie to the left of a vertical plane passing through the normal point of assembly, while at the right side, the magazine 1 extends to or beyond the usual terminating point of magazines at this side of the machine. By thus disposing at least some of the increased width of the magazine 1 toward the left, it is practicable to assemble matrices from magazines of considerably greater width at the delivery'end than those heretofore employed without disturbing the rhythm of the keyboard or accuracy of assembly, it being thereby made possible to confine the extremities or lateral limits of the delivery end of the widened magazine substantially within the range or width of the usual assembler entrance for standard width magazines.

While it is intended that one of the improved magazines 1 or a plurality thereof in superposed or column relation may be employed in the machine, a novel arrangement for this purpose being hereinafter described, it is one of the objects of the present invention to provide a ma chine which will render available matrices having a greater range of type sizes than heretofore in order to more fully meet the modern requirements of composing rooms, wherein much time and expense can be saved by providing for the composition of lines of text matter as well as lines of display type on the same machine. To this end, the improved magazine 1, widened at its delivery end as descrLbed above, is arranged above a standard width magazine 5' which may contain either a 90 or a 72 character font of matrices, these magazines being shown mounted in a machine of the so-called mixer type substantially as represented in U. S. Letters'Patents No. 1,202,719, granted October 24, 191-6, and 'No. 1,542,774, granted June 16, 1925, to T. S.'Hom ans, and No. 1,607,259, granted November 16, 1925,

to E. Goodbody. As shown in Fig. 1, the lower or matrix discharge ends of both magaz'nes 1 and 5 communicate with a commonset of passages 6 formed by the usual vertical guides or partitions 7 of the assembler'entrance of the machine, and although the widened delivery end of the magazine 1 extends laterally to considerable extents beyond the sides of the delivery end of the magazine 5, the delivery end of the magazine 1 is arranged to d'scharge matrices from all of the channels thereof into the assembler entrance, the upper ends 7 of the guides or partitions 7 being extended upwardly'and flared to conform with the widened discharge end of the magazine 1, so that the matrices discharged'ei'ther from the magazine 1 or the magazine 5 will enter and descend by gravity through the passages 6 and will be deposited on the usual inclined and travelling conveyor belt 8 and conductedby the latter to the assembler star wheel 9, the latter being located at the assembling point toward the left hand side of the assembler entrance and acting in the usualmanner to assemble the matrices in a line in the usual assembling elevator 10. The delivery of the matrices from one or the other of the magazines 1 and 5 may be controlled from the usual main keyboard, at the will of the'operator, the magaz'nes as shown in the present instance having escapements 11 and 12 at their delivery ends controlled respectively by sets of vertically movable reeds 13 and 14, and these sets of reedsbeing actuated from the keyboard by a set of keyboard reeds 15 which are shiftable into cooperation with one or the other set of reeds 13 or 1 1 by a handle or lever 16 which is pivoted at 17 above the usual main keyboard and is connected by a link 18 to a swinging frame 19 which carries the keyboard reeds 15. The reeds 13 for the escapements of the upper wider magazine 1 which are within the width of the narrower lower magazine 5 extend upwardly through the throats '7 for the lower magazine as shown in said patent to Goodbody, while the reeds of this set for the escapements of the upper magazine wh'ch are beyond the sides of the lower magazine extend upwardly past the sdes of the delivery end of the lower magazine and directly to such escapements, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1, the usual spaceband box 20 is arranged at the left hand side of the assembler entrance and is provided with a vertical chute 21 through wh'ch spacebands are delivered to the assembling point.

It would not ordinarily be practical to employ a magazine widened in'the manner described in cooperation with a magazine of standard width and with the assembler entrance passages 6 except by extending atleast a portion of the widened magazine toward the left, since, if the magazine is widened sufficiently to pass matrices from its delivery end which are of the maximum size or thickness capable of entering the upper endthe usual inclined portion of the matrix delivery belt 8, and furthermore, the guides or partitions '7, in order to receive matrices from the right hand channels in the magazine, would have insufficient inclinationto carry the matrices dropping thereon by gravity onto the delivery belt 4 8, unless the delivery end of the magazine were placed much higher on the machine than usual, which would be objectionable, and the d fficulties thus arising could not be overcome since the right hand limit of the assembler entrance has been determined for these machines after long experimentation.

'A comparison of the widened delivery end of the magazine 1 shown in Fig. 4 with the delivery end of a standard magazine 5 as shown in 'Fig. 5

shows that the magazine 1 is widened at its delivery end at both the right and left hand sides beyond the sides of the delivery end of the standard magazine and that such widening of the delivery end of the magazine laffords a substantial amount of additional space in which the larger or thicker display matrices may be accommodated, so that fonts of 72 character matrices of much greater size can be employed in the improved magazine, and in fact, the improved magazine, which is capable of receiving 36 point character matrices at its upper end, is capable 'of discharging matrices of such size at its delivery end, whereas the magazines heretofore used to contain 72 character matrix fonts were limited to the discharge of 24 point character matrices and, in some instances, certain condensed 30 point matrices.

The hereinbefore described cooperative relation provided between the magazines 1 and 5 and the assembler entrance is accomplished without the necessity of making any majorchanges in the standard machine, it being made possible by apportioning the increased width of the magazine 1 beyond one or both sides of the standard width magazine 5 and by placing the magazine 1 above the magazine 5. A machine thus equipped with a magazine of standard width and, above it, a magazine of greater width at the delivery end, affords substantial advantages to the user thereof, it being possible, on a single machine so equipped, to compose lines with any size of type face from 5 point to 36 point and even larger condensed faces without employing auxiliary or side magazines, thereby increasing the capacity of the machine with respect to the range of composition and, in consequence, reducing the cost of composition as well as of the equipment in the composing room.

The upper ends of the magazines may be arranged as usual to receive the matrices, after the casts have been made therefrom, from a distributor 22 which may be of the usual well known construction, and if the upper ends of the magazines remain of the usual standard width, the usual distributing mechanism in the machine may be used without change.

Fig. 6 shows another embodiment of the invention which enables a further increase in the width of the magazines and a further extension of the magazines toward the left in the machine which, as hereinbefore pointed out, is most desirable and practical in order to insure accurate assembly of the matrices. According to this embodiment of the invention, a departure is made from the customary vertical alignment of the left hand side of the magazine or magazines with the point of assembly of the lines immediately in front of the assembler star wheel 9, the left'side of the magazinein this instance being offset obliquely to the assembling point and the spaceband box and delivery chute therefor being arranged in a corresponding oblique position and the assembling elevator being guided to move in a corresponding oblique path instead of vertically as heretofore.

Whereas, in the arrangement shown in Fig. 1, the left hand side of the magazine lies vertically above the assembler star wheel 9 while the left hand side of the magazine 1 lies to the left of the star wheel the maximum distance possible with the standard vertically disposed spaceband box and its delivery chute 21, the spaceband box 20 and its delivery chute 21 in Fig. 6 are disposed angularly or in oblique positions to the left of the assembler star wheel 9, and the left hand sides of the magazines 1 and 5? have been extended to the left of the assembler star wheel 9 an amount equal to the total additional width of the magazine 1 over that of the magazine 5, as represented by X and X in Fig. 3, or, in other words, the total increased width of the magazines, represented by X and X, has all been added only to the left sides of the magazines 1 and 5 such being rendered possible by the oblique arrangement of the spaceband box 20 and its discharge chute 21 The usual assembler entrance containing the guides 7 is of a width to receive matrices from magazines of standard width although said guides are extended toward the left to receive matrices from the left hand sides of the magazines 1 and 5 the right hand sides of these magazines and the assembler entrance preferably occupying the usual positions on the machine. In coordination with the oblique arrangement of the spaceband box and its discharge chute, the assembling elevator 10 in this embodiment of the invention, is movable in guides 23 which are preferably arranged parallel to the obliquely arranged spaceband discharge chute 21 so that the assembling elevator will ascend and. descend in a corresponding oblique path. The assembling elevator may be lifted by the usual lift arm 24 at the side of the keyboard 25 and a connecting link 26 which latter is free to swing laterally to conform with the oblique movement of the assembling elevator.

By employing the modified construction shown in Fig. 6, the lower magazine 5 in Figs. 1 and 2 may be of the same increased width as the magazine 1 and, if desired, the increased width thereof may be added only at the left hand side. The advantage of this arrangement is that it permits the construction of machines with two or more magazines containing 72 character display matrix fonts of the larger sizes made possible by the use of magazines widened and disposed on the machine as hereinbefore described. Such machines would have increased usefulness in the field of display composition which at present depends largely upon special display casting machines requiring hand assembly of the matrices instead of the speedy and less costly keyboard assembly and casting on automatic machines.

Obviously the invention may be applied to magazines containing either more or less characters in the fonts than hereinbefore referred to, so that the range of usefulness of the machine is greatly increased and the machine may be adapted to requirements that have heretofore been byond its reach and could not be realized without extensive and substantial re-design.

We claim as our invention:

1. In a typographical machine having a matrix assembler, and an assembler entrance at one side thereof of a width adapted to receive matrices from the delivery end of a matrix magazine of standard width and direct such matrices to the assembler, a matrix magazineof greater width at its delivery endthan that of such standard width magazine for delivering matrices into said entrance, a portion at least of the increasedwidth of the delivery end of such magazine being dis posed at the side thereof toward the assembler and said side of the magazine extending laterally beyond a point vertically above the assembler.

2. In a typographical machine having a matrix assembler, and an assembler entrance at one side thereof and leading laterally thereto and adapted to receive matrices from the delivery end of a matrix magazine of standard width and direct such matrices to the assembler, a matrix magazine having a greater width at its delivery end than that of such standard width magazine and having its increased width disposed laterally beyond a point vertically above the assembler at one side and at least to the limit of the standard width assembler entrance at the other side.

3. In a typographical machine having a matrix assembler, and an assembler entrance for directing matrices thereto, a matrix magazine of standard Width at its delivery end for delivering matrices to said entrance, and a magazine of substantially greater width at its delivery end for also delivering matrices to said entrance, the delivery end of the wider magazine extending laterally beyond a point vertically above the assembler and the corresponding portion of the standard Width magazine at the side nearest the assembler being disposed substantially in vertical alignment therewith.

4. In a typographical machine having an assembler, the combination of a matrix magazine of standard width at its delivery end and a magazine of substantially greater width at its delivery end, and an assembler entrance comprising walled passages and an inclined conveyor for receiving matrices descending by gravity therein and directing them to the assembler, the outermost passages of said entrance being common to matrices descending by gravity from the respective outermost sides of either of said magazines for leading said matrices directly to the inclined conveyor.

5. In a typographical machine having a matrix assembl r, the combination of two matrix magazines of different widths at their delivery ends, and an assembler entrance having an inclined conveyor and a series of walled passages adapted to guide matrices descending by gravity therein directly to said inclined conveyor from the full width of either of said magazines.

6. In a typographical machine having a matrix assembler, an assembler entrance at one side thereof and leading thereto for the gravity descent of matrices to the assembler, the combination of two matrix magazines of diflerent widths at their delivery ends and both arranged to discharge matrices into said entrance, the side of the wider magazine delivery end toward the assembler being extended beyond the corresponding side of the narrower magazine delivery end and beyond a point vertically above the assembler.

'7. In a typographical machine having a matrix assembler, an assembler entrance at one side thereof for directing matrices thereto, a matrix magazine mounted to discharge matrices into said entrance, the matrix discharge end of said magazine being extended laterally beyond a point vertically above the assembler, and an assembler elevator mounted to receive matrices from the assembler and guided to move obliquely upwardly and laterally from the entrance.

8. In a typographical machine, the combination of a matrix assembler, an assembler entrance extending to one side thereof for directing matrices thereto, a spaceband box offset at the other side of the assembler and having a spaceband chute inclined downwardly and laterally toward the assembler, a matrix magazine having its discharge end extended beyond a point vertically above the assembler and toward the spaceband box, and an assembler elevator mounted to receive matrices from the assembler and guided to move obliquely in a path in substantial parallelism with the inclined spaceband chute.

9. A typographical machine having a plurality of channelled matrix magazines of different widths at their delivery ends, one magazine having a smaller number of matrix channels contained within the greater width thereof than the number of matrix channels contained within the width of another of such magazines.

10. In a typographical machine having a matric assembler and an assembling elevator adjacent thereto, a plurality of matrix magazines disposed, at the sides thereof toward the assembler, with their delivery ends extended laterally beyond a point vertically above the assembler, and a spaceband box having a chute inclined downwardly and laterally toward the assembler substantially in oblique alignment with said laterally disposed ends of the magazines and the junction between the assembler and the assembling elevator.

11. In a typographical machine having a matrix assembler and an assembler entrance embodying an inclined delivery belt for directing matrices to the assembler, the combination of a magazine of standard width at its delivery end and adapted to deliver matrices from the entire width thereof directly to the inclined delivery belt, and a magazine of substantially greater width at its delivery end and also adapted to deliver matrices from the entire width thereof directly to said inclined delivery belt.

12. In a typographical machine, the combination of a plurality of channeled matrix magazines of different widths at their delivery ends,

one having a smaller number of matrix channels 13. In a typographical machine having an assembler, the combination of a matrix magazine of standard width at its delivery end and a magazine or substantially greater than standard width at its delivery end, an assembler entrance comprising two series of walled passages of different widths corresponding to the difierent widths of the delivery ends of the respective magazines, and a common inclined conveyor for directly receiving matrices descending by gravity through either series of walled passages for leading said matrices to the assembler.

14. In a typographical machine having an assembler, the combination of a matrix magazine of standard width at its delivery end, a magazine of substantially greater than standard width and extended over a portion of the width at its delivery end laterally beyond a point vertically above the assembler, an assembler entrance at one side of the assembler and comprising two series of walled passages each of which series is of a width and extent corresponding to the width and extent of the respective magazine, and an inclined conveyor common to both series of passages for receiving matrices directly from either 

